Edentulation alters material properties of cortical bone in the human craniofacial skeleton: functional implications for craniofacial structure in primate evolution
Identifieur interne : 004D40 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004D39; suivant : 004D41Edentulation alters material properties of cortical bone in the human craniofacial skeleton: functional implications for craniofacial structure in primate evolution
Auteurs : Paul C. Dechow [États-Unis] ; Qian Wang [Géorgie (pays)] ; Jill Peterson [États-Unis]Source :
- Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) [ 1932-8486 ] ; 2010.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte d'âge moyen, Analyse des éléments finis, Animaux, Densité osseuse, Dent (physiologie), Dent (ultrastructure), Femelle, Humains, Mandibule (physiopathologie), Mandibule (ultrastructure), Maxillaire (physiopathologie), Maxillaire (ultrastructure), Mâchoire édentée (physiopathologie), Mâle, Phénomènes biomécaniques, Primates (anatomie et histologie), Primates (physiologie), Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Évolution biologique.
- MESH :
- anatomie et histologie : Primates.
- physiologie : Dent, Primates.
- physiopathologie : Mandibule, Maxillaire, Mâchoire édentée.
- ultrastructure : Adulte d'âge moyen, Analyse des éléments finis, Animaux, Densité osseuse, Dent, Femelle, Humains, Mandibule, Maxillaire, Mâle, Phénomènes biomécaniques, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Évolution biologique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Biological Evolution, Biomechanical Phenomena, Bone Density, Female, Finite Element Analysis, Humans, Jaw, Edentulous (physiopathology), Male, Mandible (physiopathology), Mandible (ultrastructure), Maxilla (physiopathology), Maxilla (ultrastructure), Middle Aged, Primates (anatomy & histology), Primates (physiology), Tooth (physiology), Tooth (ultrastructure).
- MESH :
- anatomy & histology : Primates.
- physiology : Primates, Tooth.
- physiopathology : Jaw, Edentulous, Mandible, Maxilla.
- ultrastructure : Mandible, Maxilla, Tooth.
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Biological Evolution, Biomechanical Phenomena, Bone Density, Female, Finite Element Analysis, Humans, Male, Middle Aged.
Abstract
Skeletal adaptations to reduced function are an important source of skeletal variation and may be indicative of environmental pressures that lead to evolutionary changes. Humans serve as a model animal to investigate the effects of loss of craniofacial function through edentulation. In the human maxilla, it is known that edentulation leads to significant changes in skeletal structure such as residual ridge resorption and loss of cortical thickness. However, little is known about changes in bone tissue structure and material properties, which are also important for understanding skeletal mechanics but are often ignored. The aims of this study were to determine cortical material properties in edentulous crania and to evaluate differences with dentate crania and thus examine the effects of loss of function on craniofacial structure. Cortical bone samples from fifteen edentulous human skulls were measured for thickness and density. Elastic properties and directions of maximum stiffness were determined by using ultrasonic techniques. These data were compared to those from dentate crania reported in a previous investigation. Cortical bone from all regions of the facial skeleton of edentulous individuals is thinner than in dentate skulls. Elastic and shear moduli, and density are similar or greater in the zygoma and cranial vault of edentulous individuals, while these properties are less in the maxilla. Most cortical bone, especially in edentulous maxillae, has reduced directional orientation. The loss of significant occlusal loads following edentulation may contribute to the change in material properties and the loss of orientation over time during the normal process of bone remodeling. These results suggest that area-specific cortical microstructural changes accompany bone resorption following edentulation. They also suggest that functional forces are important for maintaining bone mass throughout the craniofacial skeleton, even in areas such as the browridges, which have been thought to be little affected by function, because of low
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/ar.21124
PubMed: 20235319
PubMed Central: 3096942
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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Humans serve as a model animal to investigate the effects of loss of craniofacial function through edentulation. In the human maxilla, it is known that edentulation leads to significant changes in skeletal structure such as residual ridge resorption and loss of cortical thickness. However, little is known about changes in bone tissue structure and material properties, which are also important for understanding skeletal mechanics but are often ignored. The aims of this study were to determine cortical material properties in edentulous crania and to evaluate differences with dentate crania and thus examine the effects of loss of function on craniofacial structure. Cortical bone samples from fifteen edentulous human skulls were measured for thickness and density. Elastic properties and directions of maximum stiffness were determined by using ultrasonic techniques. These data were compared to those from dentate crania reported in a previous investigation. Cortical bone from all regions of the facial skeleton of edentulous individuals is thinner than in dentate skulls. Elastic and shear moduli, and density are similar or greater in the zygoma and cranial vault of edentulous individuals, while these properties are less in the maxilla. Most cortical bone, especially in edentulous maxillae, has reduced directional orientation. The loss of significant occlusal loads following edentulation may contribute to the change in material properties and the loss of orientation over time during the normal process of bone remodeling. These results suggest that area-specific cortical microstructural changes accompany bone resorption following edentulation. They also suggest that functional forces are important for maintaining bone mass throughout the craniofacial skeleton, even in areas such as the browridges, which have been thought to be little affected by function, because of low <italic>in vivo</italic> strains found there in several primate studies.</p></div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Géorgie (pays)</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Texas</li></region></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Texas"><name sortKey="Dechow, Paul C" sort="Dechow, Paul C" uniqKey="Dechow P" first="Paul C." last="Dechow">Paul C. Dechow</name></region><name sortKey="Peterson, Jill" sort="Peterson, Jill" uniqKey="Peterson J" first="Jill" last="Peterson">Jill Peterson</name></country><country name="Géorgie (pays)"><noRegion><name sortKey="Wang, Qian" sort="Wang, Qian" uniqKey="Wang Q" first="Qian" last="Wang">Qian Wang</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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